Critical Anatomical Review of Siddhasana

Abstract

Siddhasana, known as the "Accomplished Pose," holds a significant place among classical meditative postures in traditional Yogic systems and is elaborately described in foundational Hatha Yoga scriptures such as the Hatha Yoga Pradipika and Gheranda Samhita. This article presents a critical anatomical exploration of Siddhasana, focusing on its musculoskeletal configuration, neuromuscular coordination, and physiological effects. The pose involves symmetrical flexion at the hips and knees, external rotation of the thighs, and a well-aligned spinal axis, primarily stabilized by the ischial tuberosities. Sustained maintenance of this posture requires coordinated engagement of core muscles namely, the multifidus, transversus abdominis, and pelvic floor musculature which collectively support spinal erectness during prolonged meditation. By integrating classical yogic principles with modern biomechanical insights, this review offers a comprehensive perspective on refining meditative posture and minimizing the risk of strain or injury.