Shodhana and Shamana Chikitsa in Autoimmune Disorders: An Ayurvedic Perspective
Abstract
Autoimmune disorders represent a group of complex, chronic diseases characterized by aberrant immune responses where in the body's immune system attacks its own tissues. Conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease are increasingly prevalent, and their etiology often remains unclear in conventional medicine. From an Ayurvedic perspective, these disorders can be understood through the lens of Agni Dushti, Ama formation, and Tridosha imbalance, leading to Srotorodha (obstruction of bodily channels) and Dhatukshaya (tissue depletion). Ayurveda offers a comprehensive approach to such conditions through two primary therapeutic modalities: Shodhana Chikitsa (purificatory therapy) and Shamana Chikitsa (palliative therapy). Shodhana aims to eliminate the accumulated Doshas and Ama from the body, thereby addressing the root cause of disease. Therapies like Virechana, Basti, and Raktamokshana have shown promise in managing various autoimmune pathologies. Conversely, Shamana Chikitsa involves internal medications, dietary regulation, and lifestyle modifications to balance the Doshas and strengthen the immune system. Herbs such as Guduchi, Ashwagandha, Haridra, and formulations like Kaishora Guggulu and Amritarishta are known for their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. This article aims to present a holistic Ayurvedic framework for understanding and managing autoimmune disorders, focusing on both Shodhana and Shamana principles. Integrating classical knowledge with modern clinical insights, it highlights the potential of Ayurveda to offer safe, effective, and individualized care in autoimmune disease management, emphasizing the importance of detoxification, immune modulation, and restoration of homeostasis.
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